Substance

effects

Alcohol

Sleep induction and sleep duration

B blockers

Alteration of sleep physiology, increase in nightmares

Caffeine

Stimulant

Corticosteroids

Stimulant, may cause agitation, vivid dreams

Diuretics

Nocturia

Theophylline

Stimulant

Guarana

Stimulant

Ephedrine

Stimulant